1.Optical system
Objective Lens group
It is located at the front end of the endoscope and directly contacts the observed target. Composed of multiple groups of lenses, it is responsible for capturing images and transmitting them to the image transmission system.
Features: It should have high resolution, anti-pollution design (such as anti-fog coating), wide Angle or specific field of view (such as 0°, 30°, 70°, etc.).
Image Transmission System
Rod Lens System: Composed of a series of precise cylindrical lenses, it transmits images through refraction and maintains high clarity (such as the Storz-Hopkins system).
Fiber Optic Bundle: Some endoscopes use flexible fiber optic bundles for image transmission, but hard endoscopes are mainly rod-shaped lenses.
Eyepiece Lens
It is located at the end of the endoscope, allowing doctors to directly observe or connect camera equipment. The diopter can be adjusted to suit the vision of different users.
2. Mechanical structure
Insertion Tube
Material: High-strength stainless steel or titanium alloy, ensuring rigidity and disinfection resistance.
Diameter: Commonly 2mm to 10mm, designed according to the application (such as laparoscopy, sinus endoscopy).
Length: Customized according to surgical requirements (for example, shorter urological endoscopes and longer laparoscopes).
Working Channel (Available in some models)
It is used for inserting surgical instruments (such as biopsy forceps, electrocoagulation probes) and is usually designed as a straight-through type.
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